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Intel Core i5-2450M

The Intel Core i5-2450M is a second generation dual core processor for laptops. The Intel Core i5-2450M is based on the Sandy Bridge architecture and features HypertTreading technology to handle 4 threads at once that increases the processor performance by 20%.

The Intel Core i5-2450M offers a smaller level 3 cache of 3 MB, 512 kB level 2 cache and 128 kB level 1 cache. This Intel Core i5-2450M dual-core processor has a base clock speed of 2.5 GHz but because of TurboBoost technology it can speed up to 2.8 GHz when 2 cores are active and 3.1 GHz when only 1 core is active, TurboBoost can be achieved when the thermal and electrical aspects are met. The clock speed of Intel Core i5-2450M is just higher by 100MHz compared to Core i5-2430M.

The Sandy Bridge architecture is the successor of the Arrandale architecture and the most remarkable improvements of this architecture is the improved Turbo Boost 2.0 and the integration of the graphics and memory controller into the 32nm CPU core. This is the equivalent of the APU technology introduced by the AMD.

The i5-2450M offers an integrated graphics card (Intel HD Graphics 3000) which is clearly faster then the older Intel HD Graphics in the Arrandale CPUs. As the new GPU is included in the CPU, it is also manufactured in 32nm and shares the fast level 3 cache with the CPU cores (using a new ring bus).  The Intel Core i5-2450M’s integrated GPU is clocked at 650 to 1300MHz because of the GPU TurboBoost. The Intel Core i5-2450M dual core processor has 35 Watt TDP; this includes the integrated GPU and memory controller.

Due to the improved architecture and the new Turbo Boost 2.0, the average performance of the Core i5-2450M is higher than a similar clocked Arrandale Core i5. 

General Information
Type	CPU / Microprocessor
Market Segment	Mobile
Family	Intel Core i5 Mobile
Model number	i5-2450M
Frequency	2500 MHz
Turbo Frequency	3100 MHz
Bus Speed	5 GT/s DMI
Clock Multiplier	25
Socket	Socket G2
Size	1.48" x 1.48" / 3.75cm x 3.75cm
Introduction Date	January 2012
Architecture
Microarchitecture	Sandy Bridge
Core Stepping	J1 (SR0CH)
Manufacturing Process	0.032 micron High-K metal gate process
Data Width	64 bit
Number of Cores	2
Number of Threads	4
Floating Point Unit	Integrated
Level 1 Cache Size	2 x 32 KB instruction Caches 2 x 32 KB data Caches
Level 2 Cache Size	2 x 256 KB
Level 3 Cache Size	3 MB
Physical Memory	16 GB
Multiprocessing	Not supported
Features	MMX instruction set SSE SSE2 SSE3 Supplemental SSE3 SSE4.1 SSE4.2  AES instructions Advanced Vector Extensions Extended Memory 64 technology (EM64T)  Execute disable bit  HyperThreading technology  Turbo Boost technology 2.0 Virtualization technology (VT-x)
Low Power Features	Enhanced SpeedStep Technology
On-Chip Peripherals	Dual-channel DDR3 Memory Controller Direct Media Interface PCI Express 2.0 Interface HD 3000 Graphics Controller
Thermal Parameters
Maximum Operating Temperature	100°C
Thermal Design Power	35 Watt

Intel Core i5 2450M Vs i5 2430M

The Core i5-2450M has base clock 100 MHz higher than the Core i5-2430M. The turbo boost also get 100 MHz raise in i5-2450M. This has marginally improved the performance of the Core i5-2450M. Both  Come with the same HD 3000 Integrated Graphics.

Benchmarks	Core i5-2450M	Core i5-2430M
PassMark Score	3700	3344
Super Pi 2M	31 seconds	31.5 seconds
3D Mark CPU	3440	3195

Intel HD Graphics 3000

Intel’s HD Graphics 3000 is the integrated graphics in most of the Sandy Bridge notebook processors (HD Graphics 2000 is featured in some of the desktop Sandy Bridge processors).

The HD Graphics 3000, improves upon the earlier Intel HD Graphics (Intel HD Graphics Media Accelerator).  While it is still short of ability to play most of the modern fast moving games at full resolution, Intel is approaching gradually towards it.

The HD Graphics 3000 still lack the DirectX. It also trails in performance when compared to the integrated graphics in Llano APUs from Intel.

The HD Graphics 3000 has 12 Execution Units while the HD Graphics 2000 has 6 Execution unit. This results in substantially faster performance for HD 3000.

Intel HD Graphics 3000 is significantly better than the HD Graphics (the integrated graphics in the 1st generation core i processors) with a much improved architecture.

The Radeon HD 6520G from AMD, is better than the Intel HD 3000 graphics as it support DirectX11.

Feature	AMD Radeon HD 6520G	Intel HD Graphics 3000
Shader Frequency	400 MHz	350-1350  MHz
No of Pipeline	320	12
Direct X Support	DirectX 11, Shader 5.0	DirectX 10.1, Shader 4.1
Lithography	32 nm	32 nm

How to Use Microsoft Word to Summaries Articles

You can use Microsoft Word to summaries thousand of words for you. This is a very handy tool especially if you are doing research assignments.

The feature is called AutoSummary Tool.

I have added it to my shortcuts so it is easy to access. To do this, click on the Office Button and select Word Options. Click on the Customize tab, select All Commands from the Drop Down Box of Choose commands from and find AutoSummary Tools in the list and then click on Add.

Once your buttons are setup, you can than begin to summaries your text. Simply copy and paste your text from your source such as a webpage into Microsoft Word and then click on the AutoSummary button you just created.

From here, you have a few summary options to choose from such as the type of summary you want :

• Highlight Key Points
• Insert an executive summary or abstract at the top of the document
• Create a new document and put the summary there
• Hide everything but the summary without leaving the original document

You can then select the percentage of the originally text that you want to summaries. Click on Ok and then review your results.

And that is essentially how you summaries text in Microsoft Word. 

Simple Tips by which You can Increase Speed of Your Computer

Simple Tips by which You can Increase Speed of Your Computer

Intel Core i3 vs i5 Processors

Intel’s Sandy Bridge architecture is a major upgrade from the previous one, Nehalem. This new architecture aims for a better computing performance and to do this, it must have a better set of processors. This made Intel re-launch its popular i3/i5/i7 line of processors which features faster computing speeds as well as other improvements.

Price Difference :

The price on the Core i5 could be from $160 to $200, depending on the processor clock speed. The highest clock speed for an i5 is 3.3 Ghz while the lowest is 1.4 Ghz. Most Sandy Bridge architectures use i5 as their processor.

The Core i3 can be bought for as low as $90 and as high as $135. The same range of speed is available for the Core i3 which means the difference in price between the two is not related to their clock speeds.

Performance Difference : The i3 is a dual core processor while the i5 is a quad core device. This means i5 is better at multitasking than the i3.

Hyper-Threading : Intel Core i3 can do hyper-threading while the i5 cannot. Hyper-threading is a technology for improving the processors multitasking capabilities. It works by telling the OS that it has virtual cores in addition to the actual works. Thus, even though the i3 is a dual core processor, it can also work like a quad core device.

Turbo Boost : The i5 supports Turbo Boost while it is not available in i3 series. Turbo Boost is the most hyped and the key feature of the Core i series. The turbo boost enables the processor to increase the CPU’s clock speed on demand.

Cache Memory : The Core i5 at 3.3 Ghz has a cache memory of 6 MB while the Core i3 at the same clock speed only contains 3 MB of cache memory.

Intel vPro Technology Virtualizaton : The Core i5 support this technology while it is absent on Core i3.

AES Encryption Technologies : This Technology is the present on the Core i5 while it is not available in i3 series.

Integrated Graphics Processor : Intel has taken the IGP integration a step further and worked the IGP into the CPU architecture. It even shares cache with the processor. It also enables Quick Sync, a video transcoding feature that provides blazing performance when converting videos to a different format. Intel created two versions of the IGP: 2000 and 3000. The 2000 has 6 execution units, while the 3000 has 12 execution units. The 3000 can process graphical information 50% quicker than the 2000. Both the Core i3 and Core i5 support IGP 3000 and IGP 2000.

Intel Core i3 vs i5 Specifications

Product Name	Core i3 (2100T)	Core i5 (2500K)
Price	$124.99	$216
Number of Cores	2	4
Number of Threads	4	4
Clock Speed	3.1 GHz	3.3 GHz
Max Turbo Frequency	Not Applicable	3.7 GHz
Cache	3 MB	6 MB
Bus/Core Ratio	31	33
System Bus	5 GT/s	5 GT/s
Instruction Set	64-bit	64-bit
Lithography	32 nm	32 nm
Max TDP	65 W	95 W
Memory Specifications
Max Memory Size	32 GB	32 GB
Memory Types	DDR3-1066/1333	DDR3-1066/1333
# of Memory Channels	2	2
Max Memory Bandwidth	21 GB/s	21 GB/s
Graphics Specifications
Processor Graphics	Yes	Yes
Graphics Model	Intel HD Graphics 2000	Intel HD Graphic 3000
Intel Quick Sync Video	Yes	Yes
Intel InTru 3D Technology,	Yes	Yes
Intel Insider	Yes	Yes
Intel Wireless Display	No	No
Intel Flexible Display Interface (Intel FDI)	Yes	Yes
Intel Clear Video HD Technology	Yes	Yes
Dual Display Capable	Yes	Yes
Advanced Technologies
Intel Turbo Boost Technology	No	2.0
Intel vPro Technology	No	Yes
Intel Hyper-Threading Technology	Yes	No
Intel Virtualization Technology (VT-x)	No	Yes
Intel Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O (VT-d)	Yes	No
Intel Trusted Execution Technology	Yes	No
AES New Instructions	No	Yes
Intel 64	No	Yes
Idle States	No	Yes
Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology	Yes	Yes
Thermal Monitoring Technologies	Yes	Yes
Intel Fast Memory Access	Yes	Yes
Intel Flex Memory Access	Yes	Yes
Execute Disable Bit	Yes	Yes

Conclusion : 

Core i5’s four cores are somewhat negated by Core i3’s dual core with hyper threading. Overall, the additional cores and the Turbo Boost feature on the i5 makes it a clearly quicker processor in virtually all usage scenarios. Both processors are actually equal in terms of performance with only the price as the deciding factor. So in the battle between the i3 vs i5, we think that the i5 processors are putting up a higher hand as they have Quad cores for higher speeds, Turbo boost for extra speedy performance and quite a fit in the pocket price tags. But the average user with a tight budget will likely be fine with what the i3 has to offer.